Lack in the supplies for police, says the Parliamentary Report.
~Preet
A report on police training, modernization, and reforms was recently submitted by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs. The study emphasises the amount of improvements that are necessary as well as the obstacles that police forces confront.
The study requested that the Centre assist states and union territories on how to build a road map to ensure that women are represented in the police force at a rate of 33 percent, while also expressing concern over their underrepresentation.
Rather of converting vacant men's roles, more postings might be created to accommodate women in the police force. Increasing the proportion of women in the police force will also assist to improve the police-to-population ratio. States and union territories should allocate major, difficult tasks to women rather than minor ones. Each district should have at least one all-female police station, according to the report.
It prescribed yoga, exercises, counselling, and therapy as well as offline and online programmes to assist individuals de-stress. Law Enforcement and Investigation Wings are Separated: To retain accountability and promote police autonomy in investigating crimes, it urged for the separation of inquiry from law enforcement.
This will result in specialism and professionalism, as well as a faster inquiry and more convictions. The panel favoured video conferencing for virtual trials, particularly those involving high-risk populations. It will allow for a reduction in the number of police officers assigned to accompany under-trial convicts to courts while also conserving resources.
The committee expressed dissatisfaction with the low levels of housing satisfaction among police officers and urged that monies be allocated for housing. There are police stations in 21st-century India that lack telephones or sufficient wireless access, particularly in sensitive areas like Arunachal Pradesh, Odisha, and Punjab.
The policing system should be open, independent, accountable, and favourable to the public.
Only 17 states have implemented the Model Police Act, 2006, or updated the current Act after 15 years, according to the committee. Reforming the police force has been a lengthy process.
It is suggested that the MHA (Ministry of Home Affairs) make information regarding which states are leading and which are behind in the modernization process public. Community policing should be supported since it entails a collaborative effort between the police and the communities to tackle crime and crime-related issues.
In the case of drones, the panel urged the MHA to establish a common pool of anti-drone technology "as soon as possible" and make it available to all states and union territories.
The committee noted that governments' under-utilization of money for police modernization should be investigated.
It was suggested that the MHA consider organising a committee to tour lagging states and help them in making strategic use of the monies.
The goal of police reform is to change the beliefs, culture, policies, and practises of law enforcement agencies. It envisions police officers carrying out their jobs in a manner that is respectful of democratic principles, human rights, and the rule of law.
It also attempts to enhance how the police engage with other security sectors, such as courts and correctional agencies, as well as executive, legislative, and independent bodies with management or supervision duties. Police are included in Schedule 7 of the Indian Constitution's state list.
The British passed the Police Act of 1861 shortly after the rebellion of 1857, in order to improve the country's police administration and avoid similar revolts. Political control has been employed in the past by the political administration to unfairly influence police officers and have them serve personal or political goals, according to the Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC-2007).
The lowest levels of the Indian police force are frequently verbally mistreated by their superiors or work in inhumane conditions. According to the Second ARC, police-public relations is in a poor state because the public perceives the police to be corrupt, inefficient, politically partisan, and unresponsive.
In 2016, the sanctioned police strength was 181 officers per 100,000 people, whereas the actual strength was 137 officers. When compared to the UN's suggested level of 222 police per lakh people, this is far too low. The constabulary makes up 86 percent of the state police force and is responsible for a wide range of duties.
Strong communication support, state-of-the-art or modern weaponry, and a high degree of mobility are all required in modern police. However, CAG audit findings from 2015-16 show that state police units have firearm shortages. The Bureau of Police Research and Development has also discovered a 30.5 percent shortage of essential vehicles across state police units.
The Modernisation of Police Forces (MPF) programme began in 1969-70 and has been revised multiple times since then. However, the government-sanctioned funds must be used to their maximum potential.
The MPF plan entails the following:
1) Acquisition of modern weaponry.
2) Police forces are mobile.
3) Support for logistics, upgrades to police wireless, and so forth.
4) A national satellite network is being developed.
The Supreme Court issued seven instructions in the landmark Prakash Singh case (2006), indicating that there is still more work to be done in the area of police reform. However, many governments did not follow these guidelines in their entirety due to a lack of political will.
Along with police improvements, the criminal justice system must be overhauled as well. The Menon and Malimath Committees' proposals can be adopted in this context.
The following are some of the most important recommendations:
1) Establishment of a fund to recompense victims who become hostile as a result of the perpetrators' pressure.
2) Creating a distinct national authority to deal with offences that endanger the country's security.
3) A fundamental overhaul of the criminal justice system is required.
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