Russia and 'War Crimes'

~Preet


What is ICC? Could it bring Putin to justice over Russia's invasion of Ukraine?

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has stated that it will launch an inquiry into suspected Russian war crimes in Ukraine. War crimes are subject to strict international norms. 

The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent judicial entity established by the 1998 Rome Statute of the ICC (its foundation and governing text), which went into effect on July 1, 2002. Its headquarters are in The Hague, Netherlands. The Rome Statute has 123 States Parties who recognise the ICC's authority. The United States, China, Russia, and India are not members. The forum was created as a last-resort court to pursue crimes that would otherwise go unpunished. It is responsible for four major crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and aggression. 

War crimes are major violations of humanitarian law committed during a conflict. The concept set by the ICC's Rome Statute is based on the 1949 Geneva Conventions. It is predicated on the notion that people can be held accountable for the conduct of a state or its military. Taking hostages, deliberate deaths, torturing or inhumane treatment of prisoners of war, and forcing minors to fight are only a few instances.

The Geneva Conventions (1949) and their Additional Protocols are international treaties that provide the most essential regulations for reducing war's brutality. They safeguard individuals who do not take part in the fighting (civilians, doctors, and relief workers) as well as those who are unable to fight (wounded, sick and shipwrecked troops, prisoners of war). During a battle, the first Geneva Convention protects injured and ill soldiers on land. During a battle, the second Geneva Convention protects injured, ill, and shipwrecked military troops at sea. The third Geneva Convention governs the treatment of prisoners of war. The fourth Geneva Convention protects people, especially those in occupied territory. The Geneva Convention is ratified by India.

International humanitarian law establishes three factors for determining whether an individual or a military has committed a war crime: 

Targeting goals that are "likely to inflict incidental loss of human life, harm to civilians, or damage to civilian objectives, which would be disproportionate in comparison to the specific and direct military gain anticipated" is unlawful. 

Proportionality: Proportionality forbids armies from retaliating excessively violently to an attack. 
For example, if a soldier is murdered, you cannot retaliate by bombing a whole city. 

Precaution: It compels warring parties to avoid or minimise injury to civilian populations.

The United Nations Office for the Prevention of Genocide and the Responsibility to Protect (or Genocide Convention) distinguishes between war crimes and genocide and crimes against humanity. War crimes are those committed during a civil struggle or a war between two governments. While genocide and crimes against humanity can occur in peacetime or during a military's unilateral attack against a group of innocent people.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

The Digital India Will Soon Get The Digital Rupee

Image
 ~Preet The writer and the publisher have no rights to this image. This image has been taken from,  Digital-Rupee-–-Its-Understanding.jpeg The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) will shortly launch restricted pilots of the e-rupee, also known as Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) or digital rupee, for specified use cases. It has hinted at two major categories for the usage of e-rupee for various transactions — retail and wholesale.  The CBDC is defined by the RBI as a digital representation of currency notes issued by a central bank. It is a sovereign or completely autonomous currency issued by the country's central bank (in this case, the RBI) in line with monetary policy. CBDC will be recognised as a means of payment and legal tender by all three parties - individuals, government agencies, and businesses - once it is formally issued. Because it is government-backed, it may be readily exchanged for money or notes from any commercial bank. The RBI is not enthusiastic about the e-rupee.
Read more

Being Women Gets You Bail.

Image
 ~Preet The writer or the publisher has no rights to the image. The image is taken from  teestaaa.jpg In a world where there is a constant cry for the propagation of the idea of equality, it seems that preferential upliftment is actually being sought to be achieved, but such a bias in the criminal justice system conflicts with its very principle of it. The Supreme Court of India recently granted Teesta Setalvad interim release, declaring that "the remedy of interim bail is given to the appellant (Teesta) in the unusual conditions, including the fact that the appellant happens to be a girl." The Chief Justice of India further referred to a bail clause in the Code of Criminal Procedure CrPC that states that "being a woman is a conceivable cause for granting release, even when it cannot be considered otherwise." Section 437 of the Criminal Procedure Code addresses bail in case of non-bailable offences. According to it, a person shall not be released on bail if there is
Read more
Image
Parakram Divas: Paying homage to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose on his 125th Birth Anniversary. ~Preet The man of utter strength and unmatched will power who was courageous enough to decide to take on one of the strongest military power on the globe in the contemporary, head on. The man who was not afraid of death and rather moved ahead to write his own fate with his charm, merit and guts. This man is none other than Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and no wonder we celebrate the birth anniversary of this strong and influential leader as 'Parakram Divas', the day to honour and learn bravery, endurance, firmness and fearlessness.  To pay homage to him and recognise his contribution, the government recently decided to install a grand statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose at India Gate. This is to commemorate his 125th birth anniversary. The government would be conducting a year long celebration in memory of Netaji.  The formal laying of foundation stone of this statue was done on 23rd of Ja
Read more